The Construct Definition of an English Language Teachers’ Content Knowledge

Regardless of the increasing emphasis on the importance of language teachers’ content knowledge, there is a lack of consensus regarding its constituents. To this end, a panel of experts and non-experts were requested to express their opinions regarding the constructs of content knowledge (CK) in the format of an open-ended written questionnaire. The findings indicate that teachers’ CK includes eleven categories: teaching skills, structures, method and approaches, curriculum, language acquisition theories, classroom context, language testing theories, learner related knowledge, ELT research methods, and teacher related knowledge. The findings can help training educated teachers to be familiar with various aspects of the CK

Evaluation of the quality of nursing work life and its association with job burnout in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Background and aims: Nurses are particularly susceptible to burnout. Nursing staffs are in face to a relatively stressful work environment, high mental and physical pressure, irregular scheduling or shifting, limited job promotion, and socio-emotional pressures in connection with the patients and partners. This study aimed to assess the quality of work life (QWL) and its association wit

Production of Noncarbonated Lemon Orange Juice

Citrus fruits are rich in nutrients and the phytochemicals needed for a healthy life. The present study is an attempt to examine production of noncarbonated orange juice with lemon. To this end, 11 juice formulations with different percentages of organ concentrate and natural lemon flavors were prepared and physicochemical (pH, acidity, density, brix, dry mass, and ethanol), microbial (lactic acid bacteria, acid-fast bacteria, alcohol fast bacteria, mold, and yeast), and sensory properties were examined. It was found that increase of percentages of orange concentrate and lemon natural flavor in the formulation led to significant increase in total dry mass, acidity, and ethanol level. On the other hand, as result of this increase, density remained almost unchanged and pH level significantly decreased. The results of microbial tests showed that number of acid lactic bacteria, acid-fast bacteria, mold, and yeast decreased in all treatments and there was no significant difference among the treatments in this regard. The treatments, regarding physicochemical and microbial properties, were at standard range and all the samples were drinkable. Regarding sensory properties, treatment No. 6 (4.6% orange concentrate and 0.08% lemon natural flavor) was better than other treatments as to taste, color, aroma, appearance, and general acceptability. Overal results indicated that 4.6% of orange concentrate and 0.08% of lemon natural flavor was the best formulation of a noncarbonated orange juic

Investigating the effects of flax fibers application on multi-objective optimization of laminated composite plates for simultaneous cost minimization and frequency gap maximization

Funding information This research is supported by a research grant of the University of Tabriz (grant No. 3500). CRediT authorship contribution statement Yousef Hosseinzadeh: Conceptualization, Methodology. Shahin Jalili: Software, Writing - original draft. Reza Khani: Visualization, Investigation.Peer reviewedPostprin

Production of Noncarbonated Lemon Orange Juice

Citrus fruits are rich in nutrients and the phytochemicals needed for a healthy life. The present study is an attempt to examine production of noncarbonated orange juice with lemon. To this end, 11 juice formulations with different percentages of organ concentrate and natural lemon flavors were prepared and physicochemical (pH, acidity, density, brix, dry mass, and ethanol), microbial (lactic acid bacteria, acid-fast bacteria, alcohol fast bacteria, mold, and yeast), and sensory properties were examined. It was found that increase of percentages of orange concentrate and lemon natural flavor in the formulation led to significant increase in total dry mass, acidity, and ethanol level. On the other hand, as result of this increase, density remained almost unchanged and pH level significantly decreased. The results of microbial tests showed that number of acid lactic bacteria, acid-fast bacteria, mold, and yeast decreased in all treatments and there was no significant difference among the treatments in this regard. The treatments, regarding physicochemical and microbial properties, were at standard range and all the samples were drinkable. Regarding sensory properties, treatment No. 6 (4.6% orange concentrate and 0.08% lemon natural flavor) was better than other treatments as to taste, color, aroma, appearance, and general acceptability. Overal results indicated that 4.6% of orange concentrate and 0.08% of lemon natural flavor was the best formulation of a noncarbonated orange juic

HOSPITAL DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT: THE CASE OF URMIA HOSPITALS

 Objective: This study has been conducted with the aim of assessing the risk management category and its status in hospital from the perspective of senior managers in Urmia hospitals considering the existing scientific gap and the importance of the issue for the health system and society.Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted in all 12 hospitals in Urmia. Participants in the research included 37 senior hospital managers. Data gathering instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire with Likert scale. Content validity and reliability of the tool (Cronbach's alpha coefficient) have been also measured in a similar study. This tool has been designed in two parts: Demographic specifications and items (44 questions). Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA one-way, independent t-test, and Spearman tests were used in SPSS 20 software for statistical analysis.Results: The average of total score of all risk management components was equal to 3.0445, which is in moderate level. According to ANOVA one-way test, there was no significant relationship between the organizational status of managers and their education level with any of the risk management components. Furthermore, it was specified using independent t-test, there is no statistically significant relationship between gender and risk management components. It was specified using Pearson correlation test; there is a statistically significant relationship between gender and education level as well as individual's organizational status (p-value: 0.001).Conclusion: Studied hospitals have suffered from the lack of risk management. There is not enough knowledge in this regard among senior hospital managers, and therefore, due to the importance of this issue, needed policies and programs should be provided to all hospital managers and needed supporting and education should be provided in regard to the implementation of risk management measures

Dirty paper coding schemes for MIMO broadcast channels

In this paper we propose several dirty paper coding schemes for the broadcast channel when both the transmitter and receivers are equipped with multiple antennas. These coding schemes are based on channel state information at the transmitter and inspired from information-theoretic concepts. The proposed end-to-end algorithms allows us to evaluate the performance of the broadcast channel in terms of bit error rates and not in terms of coding rates as it is usually the case in the corresponding literature. Different inner coding schemes such as the ZF-DPC and MMSE-DPC and different outer coding schemes such as the THS, SCS and TCQ are compared and discussed. We also consider the DPC idea as a way of implementing a multiple access scheme. In this respect it is compared with the well-know TDMA scheme. Sometimes our conclusions show quite surprising results in comparison to what is expected by pure information-theoretic considerations

Role of resilience training on compromising of infertile couples’ applicant for divorce: A cross-sectional study

Background: Divorce is a social issue, which challenges not only the structure of family but also of a society. Studies have shown that infertility affects the marital boredom. In addition, resilience training and emphasizing on increasing piety (religiousness) can help to decrease this boredom. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the resilience training effects on the compromising of infertile couples’ applicant for divorce. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 infertile couples who had requested for divorce and referred to the Center for consolidation of the family foundation were enrolled. Participants were randomly divided in two categories (n= 50/each): the case group received some consultation classes on social services as well as resilience training by a consultant in 5 sessions lasting 2 hr. In total, 10 hr of treatment; while the control group just received the consultation and social services. Canner and Davidson questionnaires were utilized as pre- and posttest in both groups. Groups answered the resilience’s criterion of Canner and Davidson. Results: The resilience training significantly increased the compromises made by couples in the case group compared to the control (p < 0.01). The results showed that 26% of members of the case group relinquished divorce, while 10% of control group members did the same; this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The resilience training leads to increased psychological well-being elements and compromises in infertile couples. Key words: Resilience, Education, Infertility, Divorce